A root canal often has a reputation that makes people nervous — but often, it’s a lifesaver for a damaged tooth. In her video, Root Canal Treatment in Bangalore, Dr. Beena Thomas from Pragathi Dental Care explains the common causes behind why a tooth may require a root canal treatment. Below, we break down the key causes, symptoms to watch for, what the treatment involves, and how to prevent needing one in the first place.
What is a Root Canal Treatment?
A root canal (endodontic treatment) is a dental procedure designed to save and repair a tooth that has become infected or severely decayed. During the treatment, the infected or inflamed pulp (nerve tissue, blood vessels, etc.) is removed, the inside of the tooth is cleaned, disinfected, shaped, and finally sealed. This helps prevent further infection while preserving the natural tooth structure wherever possible.
Common Causes for Root Canal Procedures
According to Dr. Beena Thomas, here are the most frequent reasons a tooth may need a root canal:
- Deep Decay / Advanced Cavities
When decay penetrates beyond enamel and dentin into the pulp chamber, bacteria infect the nerve. - Cracks or Fractures
A tooth crack or crack extending into the root can allow bacteria to enter the pulp, causing infection or inflammation. - Trauma or Injury
A blow to the face or biting on something hard can injure the nerve integrity, sometimes even if no obvious external crack is visible. - Repeated Dental Procedures
Multiple deep fillings or large restorations on the same tooth may stress or irritate the pulp over time, sometimes leading to damage. - Extensive Wear or Erosion
If tooth enamel is excessively worn (due to grinding, acid erosion etc.), the inner structures may become vulnerable, potentially affecting the pulp.
Warning Signs & Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore
If a tooth’s pulp is compromised, you may experience:
- Intense or lingering toothache (spontaneous or triggered)
- Sensitivity to hot or cold that lingers after stimulus is removed
- Swelling or abscess near the tooth root
- Discoloration — the tooth may turn darker
- Gum tenderness or swelling near the affected tooth
- Pain when biting or applying pressure
If you observe any of these signs, it’s best to consult a dentist promptly — delaying treatment can worsen the infection or even lead to tooth loss.
What Happens During a Root Canal — Step by Step
Here’s a simplified outline of the procedure:
- Diagnosis & Imaging
The dentist examines the tooth, takes X-rays to assess the root structure and infection extent. - Anesthesia / Numbing
Local anesthesia ensures the procedure is comfortable and pain-free. - Access Opening
A small opening is made in the crown (top) of the tooth to access the pulp chamber. - Removal of Infected Pulp
Diseased or inflamed tissue is removed from the pulp chamber and root canals. - Cleaning & Shaping
The canal spaces are cleaned, disinfected, and shaped using special tiny files and irrigating solutions. - Filling & Sealing
The cleaned canals are filled (commonly with gutta-percha) and sealed to prevent re-infection. - Restoration / Crown
Finally, the tooth is restored with a filling or often a crown to regain function and strength.
Benefits & Risks of Root Canal Treatment
Benefits:
- Saves a tooth that might otherwise need extraction
- Relieves pain and infection
- Maintains natural chewing ability
- Prevents shifting of neighboring teeth
Risks / Limitations:
- If not done properly, the tooth may still harbor bacteria and require retreatment
- Sometimes complex root anatomy or calcified canals make treatment difficult
- Cost and time may be higher for difficult cases
- A treated tooth may be more brittle over time, making a crown often necessary
Prevention: How to Avoid Needing a Root Canal
Prevention is always better than cure. Here are key habits and strategies:
- Maintain excellent oral hygiene — brush twice a day, floss daily
- Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and early interventions
- Treat early cavities before they advance
- Avoid chewing extremely hard objects
- Wear a mouthguard if you grind your teeth or during sports
- Control diet — limit sweets and acids
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1. Does getting a root canal hurt?
No. The procedure is done under local anesthesia. Most patients feel little to no pain during it. There may be mild discomfort afterward, which can be managed with pain relief.
Q2. How long does a root canal take?
It depends on the tooth complexity. On average, a straightforward root canal may take 60–90 minutes. More complex cases may require multiple visits.
Q3. Can I live without treating a tooth that needs a root canal?
You can, but it’s risky. The infection may worsen, cause abscesses, bone loss, pain, and eventually lead to tooth loss or systemic issues.
Q4. Will I need a crown after a root canal?
Often, yes. Because treated teeth may become brittle, a crown provides structural support and protects against fracture.
Q5. How long does a root canal–treated tooth last?
When done well and properly restored, it can last many years — often decades. Good oral hygiene and regular dental visits help ensure longevity.